Major City Time Offsets (Standard Time)

CityTimezoneUTC Offset
New YorkAmerica/New_YorkUTC−5 (EST) / UTC−4 (EDT)
LondonEurope/LondonUTC+0 (GMT) / UTC+1 (BST)
TokyoAsia/TokyoUTC+9 (no DST)
SydneyAustralia/SydneyUTC+10 / UTC+11 (AEDT)
DubaiAsia/DubaiUTC+4 (no DST)
TaipeiAsia/TaipeiUTC+8 (no DST)
Los AngelesAmerica/Los_AngelesUTC−8 (PST) / UTC−7 (PDT)
MumbaiAsia/KolkataUTC+5:30 (no DST)

Half-Hour and Quarter-Hour Zones

Not all time zones are whole-hour offsets. India uses UTC+5:30 (the entire country). Nepal is UTC+5:45 — the only major 45-minute offset. Newfoundland, Canada uses UTC−3:30. The Chatham Islands (New Zealand) use UTC+12:45. These exist for practical, historical, or political reasons rather than strict solar alignment.

Scheduling Across Time Zones

For international meetings, pick a window where all participants are in normal waking hours (8 AM–8 PM). With a 12+ hour spread (e.g., San Francisco to Tokyo), there's no overlap in standard business hours. Common workarounds: alternate early/late calls weekly, or record meetings for async viewing.